Efficiency of Three Reactive Mixtures of Organic Wastes for the Treatment of Highly Contaminated Acid Mine Drainage

نویسندگان

  • C. Neculita
  • G. J. Zagury
  • B. Bussière
چکیده

Passive bioreactors involving sulphate-reducing bacteria (SRB) are a reasonable alternative technology for acid mine drainage (AMD) treatment. To be effective, they need a biodegradable organic carbon source and a favourable biogeochemical environment. However, long-term performance can be limited by the bioavailability of organic carbon. The study intended to find the key parameters that link substrate composition with its biodegradability and to assess comparatively the effectiveness of three reactive mixtures containing different proportions of maple wood chips and sawdust, leaf compost, and poultry manure as substrates for SRB in the treatment of highly contaminated AMD. All mixtures tested were successful for sulphate reduction and metal (Fe, Ni, Cd, Zn, and Mn) removal (91.8-99.8%). The highest efficiencies were found in the reactor containing a newly developed reactive mixture, whereas the two other mixtures were less effective. The most efficient mixture has C/N and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)/SO4 2ratios of 10.1 and 0.15, respectively. After 120 days, sulphate concentrations decreased from 5500 mg/L to below detection (1 mg/L) and high metal removal percentages (96.9-99.8%) were achieved. Research is continuing in order to assess the most effective reactive mixture under continuous flow in column bioreactors. RÉSUMÉ Les biréacteurs passifs qui impliquent l’activité des bactéries sulfato-réductrices (BSR) représentent une technologie alternative raisonnable pour le traitement du drainage minier acide (DMA). Afin d’être efficaces, ils nécessitent une source de carbone organique biodégradable et un environnement biogéochimique favorable. Cependant, les performances à long terme peuvent être limitées par les taux de décomposition du carbone organique. Cette étude a pour but de trouver les paramètres clé qui relient la composition du substrat à sa biodégradabilité et de tester comparativement l’efficacité de trois mélange réactifs contenant différents proportions de copeaux et sciure de bois d’érable, compost de feuilles et fumier de volaille comme substrats pour les BSR pour le traitement d’un DMA tr`s contaminé. Tous les trois mélanges étaient efficaces pour la sulfato réduction et l’enlèvement (91.8-99.8%) des métaux (Fe, Ni, Cd, Zn, and Mn). La meilleure efficacité a été trouvée dans le réacteur contenant le nouveau mélange, tandis que les deux autres mélanges de matériaux organiques testés étaient moins efficaces. Le mélange le plus réactif avait des rapports C/N et COD)/SO4 2de 10,1 et 0,15, respectivement. Après 120 jours, dans ce réacteur les concentrations des sulfates diminuaient de 5500 mg/L à des valeurs sous la limite de détection (1 mg/L) et des taux élevés (96.9-99.8%) d’enlèvement des métaux étaient atteints. La recherche se poursuit afin d’évaluer le mélange réactif le plus performant en système continu, dans des réacteurs colonne.

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تاریخ انتشار 2007